Shock absorber



E. VINCENT] Dec. 13, 1938.

SHOCK ABSORBER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 28, 1957 Edward 7521007126 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Dec. 13, 1938. v Nc 2,140,252

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Sept. 28, 1957 2'Sheets-Sheet 2 II 49 f Edward VZzzcezzZz' IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Dec. 13, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicF.

Application September 28, 1937, Serial No. 166,079 /2 2 Claims.

This invention aims to provide a novel shock absorber for vehicles, wherein, through relative movement between slidably interengaged cylinders, a floating piston, springs, and the transfer of liquid, shocks may be taken up either when the vehicle body is moved downwardly with respect to the axle, or upon the rebound.

It is within the province of the disclosure to improve generally and to enhance the utility of devices of that type to which the present invention appertains.

With the above and other objects in View, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed, may be made within the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. I shows in elevation, a device constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44 of Fig. 3.

In the accompanying drawings, the numeral l designates any accessible part of a vehicle, such as the chassis bar; the axle structure includes an axle housing 2 and an axle 3, although the axle structure may be of any desired form depending upon where the shock absorber is placed on the vehicle, and upon the make and construction of the vehicle.

Any desired number of inverted cup-shaped first cylinders 4 are provided, each cylinder having a base plate 5 secured at 6 to the vehicle frame I. Although three cylinders are shown in the drawings, it will be understood that there may be as many or as few of these cylinders as is desired. Cup-shaped second cylinders l are mounted for reciprocation in the first cylinders 4, and in order to secure a tight joint between the relatively movable cylinders I and 4,'the cylinders 1 may be supplied with packing rings 8. The cylinders l and the cylinders 4 have relative longitudinal sliding movement with respect to each other, in telescoped relation. The cylinders 2 may be connected by a foot 9 to the axle structure 23.

The numeral I marks a post or guide, having its lower end secured in the bottom of each of the second cylinders 7. On the post or guide ID, a hollow piston II is mounted for reciprocation. The piston l I slides closely in the cylinder 1 and a tight joint between these parts is effected by packing rings I2 carried by the piston II. The hollow floating piston l l forms an upper chamber l in the upper end of the cylinder 1 and in the upper end of the cylinder 4. Similarly, a lower 5 chamber I6 is formed, below the piston II, in each cylinder 1.

The post or guide I0 is supplied with an axially longitudinal bore M. The guide or post II] has transverse ducts H and I8, communicating, in- 10 termediate their ends, with the bore M. The upper duct I8 communicates with the upper chamber [5, and the lower duct ll communicates with the lower chamber 16. A screw plug [9 may be mounted in the upper end of the post or guide It, in alignment with the longitudinal bore [4, to facilitate cleaning of the bore 14.

A compression spring is located in the upper chamber [5, the lower end of the spring 20 abutting against the upper end of the piston ll, 20 and the upper end of the said spring abutting against the top of the cylinder 4. In the lower chamber I 6 is located a compression spring 2!. The lower end of the compression spring 2| abuts against the bottom of the cylinder 1, and the upper end of the compression spring 2| abuts against the lower end of the piston H.

Any desired means may be supplied for furnishing oil or other liquid to the structure described. If desired, a supply pipe 22 may be provided, the same having branches 23 connected to the upper ends of the cylinders 4. Valves 24 may be interposed in the branches 23, whereby the operation can admit oil or other liquid at will.

In practical operation, when relative vertical movement takes place between the axle structure 2-3 and the vehicle frame I, there will be a corresponding relative movement between the cylinders l and 4. The springs 20 and 2| will be compressed, and the piston II will have sliding movement in the cylinder 1. A variable pressure will be created in the chambers l5 and I6, and there will be a transfer of liquid, through the ducts I1 and I8 and the bore I4 of the post or guide Ill, between the chambers I5 and H5.

The springs 20 and 2|, supplemented by the action of the oil or other fluid, as it is transferred between the chambers I6 and I5, serve to. create a cushioning effect which will obviate shocks. The device is simple in construction but will be found thoroughly effective for the ends in view. It will remain in working condition for a long time, without expert attention and will be well adapted to withstand the severe usage to which shock absorbers are subjected.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a shock absorber, the combination of a fixed cylinder having an open end, a second cylinder having an open end telescoped in said first cylinder for sliding movement and contacting its inner surface, a post secured to said second cylinder in axial alinement therewith, a piston slidable on said post in said second cylinder contacting its inner surface and defining chambers at the opposite ends of the piston, and compression springs in said chambers engaging the inner end of said cylinders and the adjacent ends of said piston.

2. In a shock absorber, the combination of a fixed cylinder having an open end, a second cylinder having an open end telescoped in said first cylinder for sliding movement and contacting its inner surface, a post detachably secured to said second cylinder in axial alinement therewith, a piston slidable on said post in said second cylinder contacting its inner surface and defining chambers at the opposite ends of the piston, compression springs in said chambers engaging the inner ends of said cylinders and the adjacent ends of said. piston, said post having a longitudinal bore communicating at its opposite end with said chambers, and means for supplying fluid to one of the chambers for transfer through said bore to and from the other chamber.

EDW. VINCENTI. 

